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In 1827, Tsar Nicholas I issued a statute that effectively made Russian Jews liable to military service, as part of a policy that sought to transform the Jewish population into integrated subjects who…
This one painting conveys many messages about the benefits of integration and emancipation as well as the inner conflicts they provoked.
This illustration depicts three Polish Jewish soldiers taking part in the Polish uprising of 1830 and 1831. The rendering of an “Israelite National Guard in Warsaw” alongside solemn, patriotic music…
