Astrolabe

The frontispiece of this book of penitential prayers published in Amsterdam, Tikun li-kro’ laylah va-yom (A Tikkun to Read Day and Night) has a three-tiered illustration. The top level depicts Moses…

Printing, which Jews adopted immediately after its invention, helped to unify far-flung communities. Where previously Jewish learning had been transmitted through the individual copying of manuscripts…

This bucolic, and clearly romantic, scene of a humble home in a shtetl or village is characteristic of Pen’s style and subject matter. Best known as a painter of everyday Jewish life, he was the…