Simone Luzzatto
Born in Venice to a prominent rabbinic family with German roots, Simone (Simḥah ben Isaac) Luzzatto served as rabbi for the city’s Ashkenazic synagogue, Scuola Grande Tedesca, for more than fifty years. Thoroughly conversant with classical and Renaissance literature, he wrote in both Italian and Hebrew. Among his works is a (lost) justification of Jewish oral law, known only through a reference to it by Samuel Aboab (ca. 1610–1694). In his Discorso circa il stato de gl’Hebrei (Discourse on the State of the Jews), Luzzatto offered pragmatic economic arguments for the continued tolerance of Venice’s Jewish community. Menasseh Ben Israel and John Toland, among others, drew on this work in their own discourses promoting Jewish civil rights.