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Ishtar Gate and processional avenue, Babylon. This scale model in the Pergamon Museum in Berlin shows the splendor of the city in the days of the prophet—or prophets—whose words are preserved in…
Places:
Babylon, Babylonia (Babylon, Iraq)
Date:
605 BCE–562 BCE
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The image on this coin is the front of a hybrid creature with the body of a winged feline (probably that of a lynx) and the head of a human. The head, crowned, has a beard and horns, representing a…
Places:
Yehud, Land of Israel (Southern Israel, Israel)
Date:
Persian Period, 4th Century BCE
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A large lion dominates this seal, appearing between the owner’s name (Shema) and his title (servant of Jeroboam). The lion’s jaws are open and its tail curves upward, making the animal appear larger…
Places:
Meggido, Land of Israel (Tel Megiddo, Israel)
Date:
Iron Age IIB, probably first Half of 8th Century BCE
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Some lamelekh impressions, like this one from Lachish, have a four-winged scarab beetle as their central image. The scarab beetle was an important mythological symbol in Egypt, associated with Khepri…
Places:
Lachish, Land of Israel (Tel Lakhish, Israel)
Date:
Iron Age IIB–IIC, Late 8th–7th Century BCE
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Sphinxes are among the most ubiquitous images on Iron Age Levantine ivories. The sphinx combines the features of several animals; it has the head of a human, the wings of an eagle, and the body of a…
Places:
Samaria, Land of Israel (Samaria, Israel)
Date:
Iron Age IIA–IIB, 9th–8th Century BCE
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Engraved tridacna (clam) shells like this one from Arad seem to have been used as cosmetic containers in the Near East and Mediterranean worlds in the late seventh and early sixth centuries BCE. This…
Places:
Arad, Land of Israel (Tel ‘Arad, Israel)
Date:
Iron Age IIC, Second Half of 7th–Early 6th Century BCE
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In the ancient Near East, images of paired lions served as guardians at building entrances and on furniture, where these two figurines from Samaria were presumably placed. According to 1 Kings 10:19…
Places:
Samaria, Land of Israel (Samaria, Israel)
Date:
Iron Age IIA–IIB, 9th–8th Century BCE