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Mowlānā Shāhīn-i Shīrāzī was a Judeo-Persian poet, known for poetic epics that retell biblical books in rhymed couplets, a form called masnavī: Bereshit-nāmah (Genesis), Musā-nāmah (the story of Moses), Ardashir-nāmah (Esther); and Ezra-nāmah (Ezra). His name, likely assumed, means “Our Master the Royal Falcon of Shiraz.” He lived in Īlkhānid Persia during the rule of Bahādur Abū Sa‘īd (1316–1335), for whom he wrote a panegyric.
Early modern Jewish visual culture flourished, with illuminated manuscripts, ornate synagogues, and portraiture alongside increasing non-Jewish interest in Jewish customs and greater Jewish self-representation.
