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There are numerous terra-cotta plaque figurines of females, some naked and others clothed, holding disks, mostly from northern Israel and Transjordan. Many come from border towns and towns whose…
Sphinxes are among the most ubiquitous images on Iron Age Levantine ivories. The sphinx combines the features of several animals; it has the head of a human, the wings of an eagle, and the body of a…
This necklace of beads is predominantly of orange glass but incorporates stone beads and gold spacers as well. The beads range in shape from bi-conical to cylindrical and also include larger…
A detailed description of the priests’ sacral vestments in Exodus 28 provides written evidence of sacred dress and adornment, although neither archaeological evidence nor pictorial representations for…
This detail appears in a relief from the palace of Sennacherib, king of Assyria (r. 705–681 BCE), in Nineveh depicting the Assyrian conquest of Lachish in 701 BCE. (For the full relief, see "Conquest…
This relief from Sennacherib’s palace shows workers rebuilding Nineveh, harnessed by shoulder straps to ropes by which they haul a large bull colossus toward the palace. Workers from various places…
The fibula, which replaced the toggle pin during the Iron Age, is similar to a modern safety pin. It had a main bent section with a clasp, which was often elaborately decorated, and a simple straight…
Terra-cotta pillar figurines are found throughout the biblical territory of Judah and date to the eighth to seventh centuries BCE. Most were decorated with a white background layer and one or more…
This bulla, found near the Western Wall in Jerusalem in the remains of a seventh–sixth-century BCE building, depicts two men facing each other, each raising one hand toward the other with the other…
This fringe from Kuntillet Ajrud, knotted from undyed linen threads, could be the fringe (tzitzit) that Israelites are commanded to wear on the corners of their garments, as indicated in Numbers 15:37…
