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And now we see that the number of servants breaking away from their Master, our Heavenly Father, increases daily, in that whenever they have a quarrel with their Jewish brothers or sisters they have…
Contributor:
Azriel Diena
Places:
Sabbioneta, Duchy of Mantua (Sabbioneta, Italy)
Date:
1536
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Laws of Hammurabi on Babylonian Stela, eighteenth century BCE. The stela was originally placed in the temple of the god Marduk in the city of Babylon. Inset shows part of the prologue.
Places:
Babylon, Assyria (Babylon, Iraq)
Date:
Bronze Age, 18th Century BCE
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The Lord spoke to Moses, saying: Speak to the Israelite people and say to them:
I the Lord am your God. You shall not copy the practices of the land of Egypt where you dwelt, or of the land of…
Places:
Land of Israel (Israel)
Date:
Biblical Period
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No one may accommodate non-Jews [in the synagogue] without the permission of the mahamad [board of governors].
In the past, it was promulgated that no person may get up from his place to go to greet…
Contributor:
The Spanish and Portuguese Jewish Community of Amsterdam
Places:
Amsterdam, Dutch Republic (Amsterdam, Netherlands)
Date:
1640
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In the name of God, in Pisa, the nineteenth of Shevat in the year 5373, February 2, 1613
Whereas the members of the mahamad [board of governors] and those accompanying them, including Ḥakham Azaria…
Contributor:
The Jewish Community of Pisa
Places:
Pisa, Grand Duchy of Tuscany (Pisa, Italy)
Date:
1613
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Fringes/tassels on garments of “Asiatics.” In Egyptian art, tassels are a typical feature of the garb of Asiatics, the peoples of Canaan/Israel and Syria, as in this mural from the tomb of Pharaoh…
Places:
Thebes, Egypt (Luxor, Egypt)
Date:
New Kingdom (Egypt), 13th Century BCE
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The man should not purchase meat until he has taken counsel with his wife to see which type of meat she wants him to take, so that the wife cannot later say that it is dark meat…
Contributor:
Eliezer Shem-Tov Papo
Places:
Silistra, Ottoman Empire (Silistra, Bulgaria)
Date:
1872–1874
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When a borrower is asked to pay usury or interest, they frequently use this…
Contributor:
Abraham Farissol
Places:
Ferrara, Papal States (Ferrara, Italy)
Date:
ca. 1520
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We, the young ones of the flock, the holy flock here in Izmir, declare: whereas several…
Contributor:
The Jewish Community of Izmir
Places:
Smyrna, Ottoman Empire (İzmir, Turkey)
Date:
First Third of the 17th Century
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Arad letter (Military Orders). The letter, from the latter days of the Judean monarchy, refers to sending reinforcements to a town in the Negev, “Lest Edom should enter there.” It illustrates the…
Places:
Arad, Land of Israel (Tel ‘Arad, Israel)
Date:
Biblical Period