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The cemetery in the village of Silwan, on the hill east of the City of David, included some aboveground tombs, cut out from the cliffs on three or four sides so that they look like buildings. These…
Places:
Jerusalem, Land of Israel (Jerusalem, Israel)
Date:
Iron Age II, 9th–7th Century BCE
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Shown here is a reconstructed burial chamber from Ketef Hinnom, on exhibit at the Israel Museum. There are ledges along the side and back walls, with low parapets visible along two of the ledges. A…
Places:
Ketef Hinnom, Land of Israel (Jerusalem, Israel)
Date:
Iron Age IIC–Early Persian Period, 7th–5th Century BCE
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There are numerous terra-cotta plaque figurines of females, some naked and others clothed, holding disks, mostly from northern Israel and Transjordan. Many come from border towns and towns whose…
Places:
Hazor, Land of Israel (Tel Hazor, Israel)
Date:
Iron Age II, 9th–8th Century BCE
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This bull figurine, 7 × 5 inches (17.5 cm × 12 cm), was cast in bronze with considerable detail. It combines highly realistic features—horns and ears, genitalia, legs and hooves—with more stylized…
Places:
Samaria, Land of Israel (Samaria, Israel)
Date:
Iron Age I, Early 12th Century BCE
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Since chairs and beds were valuable items and not found in average homes (people usually sat on the floor and slept on mats), it is possible that terra-cotta models like this one from Lachish…
Places:
Lachish, Land of Israel (Tel Lakhish, Israel)
Date:
Iron Age IIB, 8th Century BCE
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The Mesopotamian demon Pazuzu, depicted here in a combination of human and animal features, was invoked to prevent the malicious actions of the demon Lamashtu, who was believed to endanger newborn…
Places:
Beth Shean, Land of Israel (Bet She’an, Israel)
Date:
Iron Age II, 8th–7th Century BCE
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The top register of this bulla from Tel ‘Eton shows a grazing doe, carved deeply into the seal with a high degree of craftsmanship. Images of grazing or browsing horned animals were popular, appearing…
Places:
Tel 'Eton, Land of Israel (Tel ‘Eton, Israel)
Date:
Iron Age IIB, Late 8th Century BCE
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Many of the seal impressions, with the inscription lamelekh “(Belonging, or pertaining) to the king,” followed by the name of a city, feature a two-winged figure, probably a winged sun disk…
Places:
Tel ‘Erani, Land of Israel (Tel ‘Erani, Israel)
Date:
Iron Age IIB–IIC, Late 8th–7th Century BCE
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Some lamelekh impressions, like this one from Lachish, have a four-winged scarab beetle as their central image. The scarab beetle was an important mythological symbol in Egypt, associated with Khepri…
Places:
Lachish, Land of Israel (Tel Lakhish, Israel)
Date:
Iron Age IIB–IIC, Late 8th–7th Century BCE
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This black stone seal, from the City of David in Jerusalem, depicts two bearded men with their hands raised in a gesture of worship, flanking an altar or pedestal. The crescents on the altar or…
Places:
City of David, Land of Israel (Jerusalem, Israel)
Date:
Iron Age IIB–IIC, Mid-8th–Mid-7th Century BCE