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In every caste system the lower caste occupies a marginal position vis-à-vis the upper caste. The Jews were a marginal element to the Polish nobility. The margin was not isolated, for the Jews could…
How many Jews are there in Poland? This seems a simple and reasonable question, but the answer depends to a great degree on who is asking whom, when, and why. This should not be surprising: in Poland…
From the cradle to the grave,
A heavy burden crushes us . . .
Constrains the mind, destroys our strength,
Wreathes our brow with thorns . . .
And yet, with amazing power
Our lips run along the…
When will the walls of prejudice collapse,
That split the fraternal human tribe into foes?
Will the flame of love, illuminating the earth,
Disperse the grim darkness of ignorance?
—Meanwhile the sun…
I want to be a Pole. You have my word!
I want to reach the peak of Polishness
But I can find no way to manage:
They always shout: “You’re a jew!”
When I defend the jews from slander,
Hoping to…
Motivated by the book by Mrs. R. Centnerszwerowa: There is a heated struggle going on about public schooling in the [Polish] Kingdom [of the Russian Empire]. Various speakers at a range of meetings…
The terrace of the large coffee house in Berlin was almost empty, save for the occasional occupied table. The season had already turned autumnal. The weather was unpredictable, and the air carried a…
In 1867, starting in Austria, the idea of equality made its way into normal constitutional life in Galicia. This wasn’t an easy thing to accomplish, due to prejudices that had been cultivated over…
Correspondence
Warsaw, 15 December 1861
Mr. Medard’s reply to our letter dated 15 November has not, in the least, surprised us; we had indeed expected it, exactly in the form in which it is composed…
I prefer to speak of Poland and the Jews rather than Poles and Jews, the latter threatening to limit my freedom of movement within the present subject-matter. Poland and the Jews leaves ample room for…