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Coin with Shofar/Falcon
Persian Period, 4th Century BCE
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Evidence for the material culture of ancient Israel comes mostly from artifacts and archaeology and attests to the influence of the great empires that surrounded Israel.
Since animals do not use these faculties [strength, speed, or cunning] for the purpose of [gaining] their livelihood, this shows that that which a man does with the strength of his body, and the sweat…
This detail appears in a relief from the palace of Sennacherib, king of Assyria (r. 705–681 BCE), in Nineveh depicting the Assyrian conquest of Lachish in 701 BCE. (For the full relief, see "Conquest…
Like most of the other colonies established in Bessarabia in the previous century, the colony went through a long sleepy period. Most of the farmers lived simple bucolic lives. In the summer, they…